What You Should Know About Different Power Systems Around You

Electrical distribution systems are essential for any power system. To be able to transfer power from alternating current or AC to direct current or DC source, a type of distribution system needs to be put in place for the safe and proper distribution of power. The method used to distribute power from its source of production to its place of consumption can be quite simple. Complex power distribution systems are used, to help transfer electrical power from the power plant to industries, homes, and commercial buildings among others. There are different types of power distribution systems in place and use today, you can ask your provider of electrical services in Stuart or wherever you might be about these systems or simply read on below to find out the different types that are around us that we unknowingly walk past almost daily without knowing


Earthed System

The voltage between 2 phases is called Line Voltage and voltage between the phase and neutral is called Phase Voltage. This fourth wire that is available may not be distributed in the distribution system and the same way this neutral may not be earthed. Depending on this neutral condition there are various types of earthing systems. The neutral can be directly connected to earth connection or connected through a resistor. This system is called an Earthed system. In any network, earthing systems are of great importance and play a vital role. When an insulation fault occurs or a phase is accidentally earthed, the values of the various components taken are closely linked to the type of neutral earthing connection.

A directly earthed neutral wire strongly limits overvoltages but causes high fault currents. In any installation, always remember the continuation of power in the event of a fault is also directly related to the earthing system it's attached to. An unearthed neutral allows continuing power flow during a fault. Contrary to this, a directly earthed neutral, or low impedance-earthed neutral, causes the system to trip as soon as the first insulation fault occurs as a safety option.

The main objectives of an earthing system are 


1. Provide an alternate path for the fault current to flow in order to keep the user safe
2. Ensure that all exposed parts do not reach a higher than normal potential
3. Voltage always needs to be maintained at any given time in all parts of the system
4. Prevent current or excessive voltage on the appliances or equipment being used or in use.


Unearthed System


IT system unearthed


  • It is a necessity to have an overvoltage limiter installed between the transformer neutral point and earth
  • The overvoltage limiter will be installed between the earth and one of the phases if the neutral is not accessible
  • This system runs off external voltages that are transmitted by the transformer to the earth, something your professional providing electrical services in Stuart will definitely know, and this also helps protect the low voltage network from a sudden increase

Advantages
  • Provides best service continuity
  • If a fault occurs, short circuit current is low
  • High operational safety upon the current flowing
  • Accidental prevention helps limit the body’s impedance 

Disadvantages

  • Requires the employment of maintenance personnel to monitor its working
  •  Requires high insulation
  • Overvoltage limiters need to be installed
  • Locating faults can be difficult

TT System Directly Earthed

  • Impedance to earth fault loop is high
  • Low earth fault current
  • The installation company needs to provide earthing to the customer

Advantages
  • Helps save earth wires
  • Major advantage of this system is that it is clear of high and low-frequency noises that come through the wires connected to the equipment
  • There is no risk of a broken neutral
  • Faults can be located easily
  • Short circuit current is small

Disadvantages
  • The high demand for relays
  • Needs higher investment compared to others
  • High fault currents lead to damage of networks
  • The risk for personnel monitoring is high since touch voltages are high
  • Requires the use of differential protection devices


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